20 CISPA Papers at CCS 2024.

When different groups want to train an AI model together, they must protect their data. One way is to add random noise to the calculations so that no one can see which data came from whom. There are two main options: either each group adds its own noise, which requires a lot of noise and makes results less accurate, or the noise is generated jointly in a secure computation, which keeps accuracy but has been very slow and communication-heavy until now.

The researchers present a new method to solve this. Instead of calculating the noise in a complex way, we propose that the noise is taken from pre-built tables that approximate the required randomness. This makes the process much faster and reduces communication. In our experiments, the new method was over 200 times faster than earlier approaches and still worked well with many participants. It is also flexible and can be used for different types of noise.

For society, this means that secure collaboration with sensitive data becomes easier. Different organizations can train AI models together without revealing private information, while still achieving good model accuracy.

read full paper

The researchers conducted a comprehensive analysis of the Security Protocol and Data Model (SPDM) version 1.2, a standard supported by major technology companies to secure communication between hardware components and in cloud environments. While earlier studies examined only parts of the protocol, this work is the first to model and analyze the entire protocol with the Tamarin prover. Surprisingly, the analysis uncovered a severe vulnerability: in one operating mode, an attacker could bypass authentication completely. The team implemented the attack, reported it to the developers, and it was registered as a critical security issue (CVE, severity 9 out of 10).

The researchers then proposed a fix and produced the first formal security proof for the corrected version of the protocol. This fix has now been integrated into both the reference software and the official standard.

The study highlights that analyzing isolated parts of a security protocol is insufficient; only a holistic approach can reveal vulnerabilities caused by complex interactions. For society, this work strengthens trust in the security of IT infrastructure, particularly in cloud computing and secure hardware. It helps ensure that weaknesses are identified and resolved before they can be exploited on a large scale.

read full paper

The researchers reveal that current state-of-the-art anti-facial recognition (AFR) defenses mainly evaluate against static facial recognition (FR) tracking strategies, which fail to reflect the capabilities of determined, adaptive attackers. To address this gap, they introduce DynTracker — a simple yet powerful attack method that dynamically updates its gallery database with newly detected images, enabling continuous tracking.

To defend against such adaptive threats, the authors propose DivTrackee, a system that enhances the diversity of AFR perturbations using text-guided image generation and mechanisms that explicitly reduce similarity among modified images. Experimental results show that while DynTracker completely bypasses existing AFR defenses, DivTrackee significantly mitigates attack success rates while maintaining high visual fidelity.

Overall, the study exposes the weaknesses of current AFR protections and highlights a more robust direction for preserving facial privacy against evolving recognition systems.

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#121 {main}

Secure Noise Sampling for Differentially Private Collaborative Learning

Breaking and Provably Restoring Authentication: A Formal Analysis of SPDM 1.2 including Cross-Protocol Attacks

DivTrackee versus DynTracker: Promoting Diversity in Anti-Facial Recognition against Dynamic FR Strategy